Kodi mukudziwa momwe nyengo yozizira imakhudzira ma wheel bearing? Ndipo momwe mungachepetsere vutoli?

Muzochitika zambiri zopangira mafakitale ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakanika, ma bearing ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri, ndipo kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito awo kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a dongosolo lonse. Komabe, nyengo yozizira ikayamba, mavuto ovuta komanso ovuta amabuka, omwe adzakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a bearing.

 

Kuchepa kwa Zinthu

Mabearing nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo (monga chitsulo), chomwe chimakhala ndi mphamvu yokulira ndi kufupika kwa kutentha.chogwirira, monga mphete zamkati ndi zakunja, zinthu zozungulira, zidzachepa M'malo ozizira. Pa chogwirira chokhazikika, mainchesi amkati ndi akunja amatha kuchepa ndi ma microns ochepa kutentha kukatsika kuchokera pa 20°C mpaka -20°C. Kuchepa kumeneku kungayambitse kuti mkati mwa chogwiriracho muchepetse. Ngati malo otseguka ndi ochepa kwambiri, kukangana pakati pa thupi lozungulira ndi mphete zamkati ndi zakunja kudzawonjezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zidzakhudza kusinthasintha kozungulira kwa chogwiriracho, kuwonjezera kukana, ndi mphamvu yoyambira ya zidazo.

Kusintha kwa Kuuma

Nyengo yozizira imapangitsa kuuma kwa zinthu zogwirira ntchito kusintha pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo zimakhala zofooka kutentha kochepa, ndipo kuuma kwawo kumawonjezeka pang'ono. Pankhani ya chitsulo chogwirira ntchito, ngakhale kuti kulimba kwake kuli bwino, kumachepabe m'malo ozizira kwambiri. Pamene chogwirira ntchitocho chikugwedezeka, kusinthaku kwa kuuma kungayambitse kuti chogwiriracho chikhale chosweka kapena kusweka. Mwachitsanzo, m'mabearing a zida zakunja, ngati chakhudzidwa ndi kugwa kwa miyala munyengo yozizira, chimakhala chowonongeka kwambiri kuposa kutentha kwabwinobwino.

Kusintha kwa Magwiridwe Abwino a Mafuta

Mafuta ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti ma bearing agwire ntchito bwino. Mu nyengo yozizira, kukhuthala kwa mafuta kumawonjezeka. Mafuta okhazikika amatha kukhala okhuthala komanso osasungunuka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupanga filimu yabwino yamafuta pakati pa thupi lozungulira ndi njira zoyendera za bearing. Mu bearing ya mota, mafuta amatha kudzazidwa bwino m'mipata yonse mkati kutentha kwabwinobwino. Pamene kutentha kumachepa, mafuta amakhala omata, ndipo thupi lozungulira silingathe kubweretsa mafuta mofanana ku ziwalo zonse zolumikizirana panthawi yozungulira, zomwe zimawonjezera kukangana ndi kuwonongeka, ndipo liwiro lake lozungulira lingasinthe, zomwe zimawononga ubwino wa pamwamba ndi kulondola kwa magawo opangidwa ndi makina. Pazochitika zazikulu, zimatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwambiri kapena kugwidwa kwa bearing.

Moyo Waufupi wa Utumiki

Kuphatikiza kwa zinthu izi, kuwonjezeka kwa kukangana, kuchepa kwa mphamvu yogwira ntchito komanso mafuta ochepa a mabearing nthawi yozizira kungathandize kuti mabearing ayambe kuzizira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mabearing amatha kugwira ntchito maola masauzande ambiri, koma m'malo ozizira, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwambiri, amatha kugwira ntchito maola mazana angapo, monga kugwedezeka kwa thupi, kuphulika kwa raceway, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimafupikitsa kwambiri moyo wa mabearing.

 

Poona zotsatirapo zoipa za nyengo yozizira pa mabearing, kodi tiyenera kuzichepetsa bwanji?

Sankhani Mafuta Oyenera ndi Kuwongolera Kuchuluka Kwake

Mu nyengo yozizira, mafuta okhala ndi kutentha kochepa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtundu uwu wa mafuta ukhoza kusunga kusinthasintha kwabwino kutentha kochepa, monga zinthu zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zapadera (monga mafuta ochokera ku polyurethane). Sizolimba kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuchepetsa kukangana kwa ma bearing panthawi yoyambira ndi kugwira ntchito. Kawirikawiri, malo othira mafuta (kutentha kotsika kwambiri komwe mafuta ozizira amatha kuyenda pansi pa mikhalidwe yoyesedwa) ya mafuta otsika kutentha ndi otsika kwambiri, ndipo ena amatha kukhala otsika mpaka -40°C kapena kutsika, motero kuonetsetsa kuti ma bearing amapaka mafuta bwino ngakhale nyengo yozizira.

Kuchuluka koyenera kwa mafuta odzaza ndi kofunikanso pakugwira ntchito kwa bere nthawi yozizira. Mafuta ochepa kwambiri amapangitsa kuti bere lisamakhale lokwanira, pomwe kudzaza kwambiri kungapangitse kuti bere lizikana kwambiri ndi kugwedezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito. Nthawi yozizira, kudzaza kwambiri kuyenera kupewedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta okhuthala. Nthawi zambiri, pa mabere ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, kuchuluka kwa mafuta odzaza ndi mafuta kumakhala pafupifupi 1/3 - 1/2 ya malo amkati mwa bere. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mafuta amalowa ndipo zimachepetsa kukana komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta ochulukirapo.

 

Sinthani Mafuta Nthawi Zonse Ndipo Limbitsani Chisindikizo
Ngakhale mafuta ofunikira atagwiritsidwa ntchito, pakapita nthawi komanso pogwira ntchito kwa bearing, mafutawo adzaipitsidwa, kusungunuka ndi zina zotero. Mavutowa angakulire nyengo yozizira. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mufupikitse nthawi yosinthira mafuta malinga ndi momwe zida ndi malo ozungulira zimagwirira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo abwinobwino, mafutawo amatha kusinthidwa kamodzi pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse, ndipo m'malo ozizira, amatha kuchepetsedwa kufika pa miyezi itatu mpaka inayi iliyonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti mafutawo akugwira ntchito bwino nthawi zonse.
Kutseka bwino kumatha kuletsa mpweya wozizira, chinyezi ndi zinyalala kulowa mu bearing. Mu nyengo yozizira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zogwira ntchito bwino, monga double lip seal kapena labyrinth seal. Zinyalala zotchingira milomo iwiri zimakhala ndi milomo yamkati ndi yakunja kuti zitseke bwino zinthu zakunja ndi chinyezi chakunja. Zinyalala zotchingira milomo zimakhala ndi kapangidwe kovuta ka njira komwe kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zakunja zisalowe mu bearing. Izi zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe ka mkati ka bearing komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa madzi, komanso kuletsa kulowa kwa zinyalala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bearing iwonongeke kwambiri.
Pamwamba pa bearing pakhoza kuphimbidwa ndi chophimba choteteza, monga utoto woletsa dzimbiri kapena chophimba choteteza kutentha kochepa. Utoto woletsa dzimbiri ungalepheretse bearing kuti isachite dzimbiri munyengo yozizira kapena yonyowa, pomwe chophimba choteteza cryogenic chingachepetse zotsatira za kusintha kwa kutentha pa zinthu zotetezera. Zophimba zotere zimagwira ntchito ngati choteteza kuteteza pamwamba pa bearing kuti isakokoloke mwachindunji munyengo yotentha yochepa komanso zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kusintha kwa zinthu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha.
Kutenthetsa Zida
Kutenthetsa chipangizo chonse musanayambe ndi njira yothandiza. Pa zipangizo zina zazing'ono, zimatha kuyikidwa mu "Conservatory" kwa nthawi ndithu kuti kutentha kwa bearing kukwere. Pa zipangizo zazikulu, monga bearing ya ma cranes akuluakulu, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera tepi yotenthetsera kapena fan yotentha kapena zipangizo zina kuti zitenthetse gawo la bearing. Kutentha kwa kutentha nthawi zambiri kumatha kulamulidwa pafupifupi 10 - 20°C, zomwe zingapangitse kuti zigawo za bearing zikule ndikubwerera pamalo abwino, pomwe zimachepetsa kukhuthala kwa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida ziyambe bwino.
Pa ma bearing ena omwe angathe kuswedwa, kutentha koyambirira kwa mafuta mu bafa ndi njira yabwino. Ikani ma bearing mu mafuta opaka kutentha koyenera, kuti ma bearing atenthedwe mofanana. Njirayi sikuti imangokulitsa zinthu zonyamula, komanso imalola mafuta kulowa mokwanira mkati mwa bearing. Kutentha kwa mafuta otenthedwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 30 - 40°C, nthawi imatha kulamulidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa bearing ndi zinthu zina mkati mwa maola 1 - 2, zomwe zingathandize bwino bearing kuyamba bwino nyengo yozizira.

Ngakhale kuzizira kumabweretsa mavuto pa bearing, kumatha kupanga chingwe choteteza champhamvu posankha mafuta oyenera, kutseka ndi kuteteza kutentha. Izi sizimangotsimikizira kuti ma bearing amagwira ntchito bwino pa kutentha kochepa, zimawonjezera moyo wawo, komanso zimathandiza kuti makampani azitha kuyenda bwino, kuti TP athe kuyenda momasuka kupita ku ulendo watsopano wamakampani.

TP,Kunyamula mawilondizida zamagalimotowopanga kuyambira 1999. katswiri waukadaulo wa Automotive Aftermarket!Pezani njira yaukadauloTsopano!